Rotary pump, engine, meter, or the like



July 12, 1932.

ROTARY PUMP,

E. FEUERHEERD Filed July 22, 1929 ENGINE, METER, OR THE LIKE 5 Sheets-Sheet l wvewran E. FE UERHEERP July 12, 1932.

E. FEUERHEERD 1,866,761

ROTARY PUMP, ENGINE, METER, OR THE LIKE Filed July 22, 1929 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 Hid 5717014 E. FEUERHEERP W arm July 12, 1932. E. FEUERHEERD 1,865,761

ROTARY PUMP, ENGINE, METER, OR THE LIKE Filed July 22, 1.929 5 Swets-Sheer. 3

, wvz/vrop E. FE uEW H any WWM y 1932. E. FEUERHEERD ROTARY PUMP, ENGINE, METER, OR THE LIKE Filed July 22, 1929 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 Patented July 12, 1932 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE ERNEST FEUERHEERD, OF LONDON, ENGLAND, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO JAMES ARA'LOON MALCOLM, OF LONDON, ENGLAND ROTARY PUMP, ENGINE, METER, OR THE LIKE Application filed July 22, 1929, Serial No. 380,151, and in Great Britain July 27, 1928.

The present invention relates to improvements in rotary pumps, engines, meters or the like.

An aim of the present invention is to provide a rotary apparatus of the kind referred to which is of a simple construction and capable of operating dependably and at good eificiency.

Broadly the present invention consists of a rotary pump or the like having a pair of continuously revolving pistons dividing the working chamber in which they travel into two parts, and so controlled in movement in the working chamber as to mutually approach and recede during a working cycle, the pistons being so arranged that the parts of the perimeters thereof which at any given time are facing one another are in working proximity, the pistons forming between themselves and the internal wall of the casing, chambers of varying size. Thus the parts of the perimeters of the pistons which at any given time are facing or opposite one another are in working proximity, or they may even be contacting, the amount of working clearance varying from a minimum to a maximum twice in each cycle.

In one example, a two-piston pump under this invention comprises a casing forming a circular working chamber in which two rol ing plain or smooth periphery pistons working in close proximity with each other divide the working chamber into two parts.

An eccentric carrieror driving disc, which may be carried by a driving shaft in the case of a pump, has rocking axes for the rolling cylindrical pistons, and actual or virtual crank arms join the centres of the pistons with their rocking axes.

More than one driving disc may be used, for example, a pair of driving discs so as to obtain a symmetrical drive.

In their travel round the working chamber, the pistons are urged out-wards by centrifugal force and perform an oscillatory movement about the aforesaid rocking axes, so that the pistons move round the worl ing chamber with substantially rolling and not sliding contact. The aforesaid oscillatory movement will cause the pistons to change their disposition relatively to one another so as to contract or expand the space between them, such expansions and contractions being timed to take place in appropriate relationship with suitable inlet and outlet ports, which ports may be under valve control.

The pistons work in close proximity to each other on a line joining their centres and roll on the cylindrical wall of the working chamber.

The maximum clearance at which the two pistons work will vary according to the duty required and the nature of the liquid to be pumped. And in general for ordinary purposes the length of the actual or virtual crank arms will be substantially'greater than the maximum amount of eccentricity at which the machine is designed to work.

The maximum clearance, which occurs twice during each cycle, is when the line oining the centres of the pistons passes through the centre of revolution thereof, and in be tween these maximum positions the clearance reduces to a minimum.

Rolling of the pistons may be obtained by forming. them as loose sleeves surrounding cylindrical members, or constructing them as annular ball or roller bearings.

In action the piston sleeves move in opposite directions at the clearance point and the liquid carried on the peripheries of the rollers cause eddies to be formed at the clearance which act as a seal to reduce leakage between the pistons to a comparatively negligible amount. In order to increase the suction lift, the eccentric carrier or driving discs may carry what we term a scavenging block, which by reducing the volumetric capacity of the pumping chambers between the pistons and the casing, increases the displacement of expansion ratio produced by the approach and recession of the pistons.

As hereinafter described the volumetric capacity of the pump may be varied by so constructing it as to permit the eccentricity at which the pistons work to be altered.

constructional examples of the present invention are illustrated in the accompanying drawings in which Fig. 1 is an end elevation, Fig. 2 a sectional side view taken on the line 22 of Fig. 1 looking in the direction of the arrows, and Fig. 3 an end elevation with the cover removed of one form. Fig. 4 an end elevation, Fig. 5 a side view and Fig. 6 an end elevation with the cover removed of a second form, Fig. 7 an end elevation, Fig. San end elevation with the cover removed, and Fig. 9 a sectional side view of another form.

Referring to Figs. 1, 2 and 3 of the accompanying drawings, the present invention may be carried into practical efi'ect for use as a pump or the like by constructing a casing 1 arranged with its cover plate 7 to form a circular chamber 2 and a bearing 3 for a shaft 4, the shaft 4 being mounted eccentrically with respect to the chamber 2.

On the shaft 4 is mounted a carrier or driving disc 5 which is partly received in a circular recess 1a of the casing 1 and is provided with what is herein termed a pair of diametral scavenging blocks 6 which project near to the cover plate 7 of the casing 1 and are shaped on their facing sides for the reception and oscillation of a pair of cylindrical or disc-like pistons 8, 9 which have exterior loose sleeves 8a, 9a permitting rolling contact with the interior wall of the casing.

These pistons 8, 9 are pivoted to oscillate on the pins 10, 11 the crank arm of this connection being the virtual arm joining the centre of the piston 8 or 9 with its corresponding rocking axis 10 or 11.

It will be seen that the rocking axis 10 or 11 lies in advance of the centre of the piston 8 or 9 with respect to the direction of revolutionof the pistons about the axis of the machine when the machine is in use as a pump.

At each revolution of the pair of pistons 8, 9, about the axis of the machine it will be seen that the oscillatory movement of the pistons 8 and 9 will cause them to change their disposition relative to one another, and so by contracting and expanding the working chambers into which the chamber 2 is divided by the pistons themselves, a liquid may be entrained through the machine by suitably disposing suction and delivery ports 12, 13.

In Fig. 1 the roller pistons 8, 9 act as automatic opening and closing valves for the suction and delivery ports. 4

12 is the suction port formed in the cover plate 7 and 12a the inlet branch leading thereto. 13 is the delivery port similarly formed in the cover plate 7 and 13a the delivery branch leading therefrom.

The pistons 8 and 9 revolve round the working chamber in the direction of the arrow Figs. 1 and .3 and alternately open and close in theirtravel both the suction and delivery ports, approaching each other to contract the working chamber for the time being open to the delivery port 13, and receding from each other to expand the working chamber for the time being open to the suction port 12.

Figs. 4, 5 and 6 show a similar construction of pump in which the casing 1 is extended in the direction of its length 1a to form a long bearing for the shaft 4.

In this case the operation is as before described but the delivery branch is led through the extended casing 1 from the delivery port- 13 formed in the casing end wall, and the liquid entrained through the machine is discharged through the radial delivery port 14, while the suction port 12 hasits inlet branch 15 formed in the front of the cover 7.

To do' this the track of the pistons is constructed so as to be displaced with respect to the carrier or driving disc 5 to vary the eccentricity at which the machine works.

An example of that construction is illustrated in Figs. 7, 8 and 9.

In this construction to vary the eccentricity of the machine the cover plate 7 is mov able with respect to the casing 1, the securing bolts 20 passing through elongated slots 20a in the cover plate 7, so as to allow the cover plate to be moved, the cover plate forming the track for the roller pistons. The suction port is indicated at 21 and the dehvery port at 22, these ports being formed 1n the casing 1 and having inlet 21a and outlet 22a respectively leading through the casing 1.

The working chambers are arranged to be connected at the appropriate times with the ports 21, 22 by ports 23 and 24 arranged diametrally opposite each other in the scavenging blocks 6 between the front face of which and the cover 7 clearance 25 is left for this purpose, the ports 23 and 24 being so proportioned with respect to the separation of the ends of the ports 21, 22 that at no time are the ports 21, 22 connected by the ports 23, 24.

The operation is similar to that before described.

The pistons rotate in the direction of the arrow, Fig. 7 and change their disposition relatively to one another to contract the working chamber for the time being open to the delivery port 22 through one of the ports 23 or 24, and to expand the other working chamber which is open to the suction port 21 through the other of the ports 23 or 24.

Apparatus according to the present invention is well suited for use as a high speed pump. An example of its application is for use as a positive pump driven from a turbine shaft, such as a pump for lubricating oil for turbine lubrication.

A design of pump according to the present invention contemplates fifteen thousand R. P. M., with a four pounds .pressure, and

a delivery of forty to fifty gallons per hour. It

In such a design the pistons or rollers have a diameter of approximating to half an inch, the working chamber having a diameter of one inch. In a working chamber of two inches diameter the pistons or rollers are somewhat less than one inch in diameter.

It is believed that the amount of clearance between the perimeters of the rollers is dependent on (a) viscosity of the liquid, (6) the speed of rotation, and (a) the working head or pressure.

In a high speed pump according to the present invention, the whirling or eddy action created at or adjacent to the clearance practically acts as a seal.

The amount of clearance limits the amount of movement of approach and recession of the rollers or pistons.

What I claim is 1. rotary pump, engine, meter or the like comprising a casing, a working chamber, a pair of cylindrical or disc-like pistons continuously revolving in said chamber and dividing said chamber into two parts without a central hub and rocking axes about which said pistons oscillate so as to change their disposition relative to one another during their revolution in the working chamber and form between themselves and the internal wall of said casing chambers of varying size said pistons at any given time having the parts of their perimeters which are facing one another in working contiguity, the amount of clearance varying from a minimum to a maximum.

2. A rotary pump, engine, meter or the like comprising a casing forming a working chamber, a pair of rolling cylindrical or disc like pistons continuously revolving in said chamber, and dividing said chamber into two parts without a central hub, and rocking axes about which said pistons oscillate so as to change their disposition relative to one another during their revolution in the working chamber and form between themselves and the internal wall of said casing chambers of varying size said pistons working in close contiguity to each other on a line joining their centres such that at any given time the parts of their perimeters which are facing one another are in working contiguity, the amount of clearance varying from a minimum to a maximum.

3. A rotary pump, engine, meter or the like comprising a casing forming a working chamber, a pair of rolling cylindrical or disc-like pistons continuously revolving in said chamber and dividing said chamber into two parts without a central hub, an eccentric carrier or driving disc, rocking axes on said disc, and virtual crank arms joining the centres of said pistons with said rocking axes whereby said pistons are caused to oscillate so as to change their disposition relative to one another during their revolution in the Working chamber and form between themselves and the internal wall of said casing chambers of varying size, said pistons working in close contiguity to each other on a line joining their centres such that at any given time the parts of their perimeters which are facing one another are in working contiguit-y, the amount of clearance varying from a minimum to a maximum.

4;. A rotary pump, engine, meter or the like comprising a casing; a working chamber; a pair of cylindrical or disc-like pistons continuously revolving in said chamber, and dividing said chamber into two parts without a central hub, rocking axes about which said pistons oscillate so as to change their disposition relative to one another during their revolution in the working chamber and form between themselves and the internal wall of said casing chambers of varying size, said pistons at any given time having the parts of their perimeters which are facing one another in working contiguity, the amount of clearance varying from a minimum to a maximum; and scavenging blocks to increase the suction lift.

5. A rotary pump, engine, meter or the like comprising a casing, a working chamber, a pair of pistons of cylindrical form surrounded by loose sleeves, said pistons continuously revolving in said chamber, and dividing said chamber into two parts without a central hub, and rocking axes about which said pistons oscillate so as to change their disposition relative to one another during their revolution in the working chamber and form between themselves and the internal wall of said casing chambers of Varying size said pistons at any given time having the parts of their perimeters which are facing one another in working contiguity, the amount of clearance varying from a minimum to amaximum.

In testimony whereof, I aflix my signature.

ERNEST FEUERHEERD. 

